Quartz

Since Camel 2.12

Only consumer is supported

The Quartz component provides a scheduled delivery of messages using the Quartz Scheduler 2.x.

Maven users will need to add the following dependency to their pom.xml for this component:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
    <artifactId>camel-quartz</artifactId>
    <version>x.x.x</version>
    <!-- use the same version as your Camel core version -->
</dependency>

URI format

quartz://timerName?options
quartz://groupName/timerName?options
quartz://groupName/timerName?cron=expression
quartz://timerName?cron=expression

The component uses either a CronTrigger or a SimpleTrigger. If no cron expression is provided, the component uses a simple trigger. If no groupName is provided, the quartz component uses the Camel group name.

Configuring Options

Camel components are configured on two separate levels:

  • component level

  • endpoint level

Configuring Component Options

At the component level, you set general and shared configurations that are, then, inherited by the endpoints. It is the highest configuration level.

For example, a component may have security settings, credentials for authentication, urls for network connection and so forth.

Some components only have a few options, and others may have many. Because components typically have pre-configured defaults that are commonly used, then you may often only need to configure a few options on a component; or none at all.

You can configure components using:

  • the Component DSL.

  • in a configuration file (application.properties, *.yaml files, etc).

  • directly in the Java code.

Configuring Endpoint Options

You usually spend more time setting up endpoints because they have many options. These options help you customize what you want the endpoint to do. The options are also categorized into whether the endpoint is used as a consumer (from), as a producer (to), or both.

Configuring endpoints is most often done directly in the endpoint URI as path and query parameters. You can also use the Endpoint DSL and DataFormat DSL as a type safe way of configuring endpoints and data formats in Java.

A good practice when configuring options is to use Property Placeholders.

Property placeholders provide a few benefits:

  • They help prevent using hardcoded urls, port numbers, sensitive information, and other settings.

  • They allow externalizing the configuration from the code.

  • They help the code to become more flexible and reusable.

The following two sections list all the options, firstly for the component followed by the endpoint.

Component Options

The Quartz component supports 12 options, which are listed below.

Name Description Default Type

bridgeErrorHandler (consumer)

Allows for bridging the consumer to the Camel routing Error Handler, which mean any exceptions (if possible) occurred while the Camel consumer is trying to pickup incoming messages, or the likes, will now be processed as a message and handled by the routing Error Handler. Important: This is only possible if the 3rd party component allows Camel to be alerted if an exception was thrown. Some components handle this internally only, and therefore bridgeErrorHandler is not possible. In other situations we may improve the Camel component to hook into the 3rd party component and make this possible for future releases. By default the consumer will use the org.apache.camel.spi.ExceptionHandler to deal with exceptions, that will be logged at WARN or ERROR level and ignored.

false

boolean

enableJmx (consumer)

Whether to enable Quartz JMX, which allows managing the Quartz scheduler from JMX. The default value for this option is true.

true

boolean

prefixInstanceName (consumer)

Whether to prefix the Quartz Scheduler instance name with the CamelContext name. This is enabled by default, to let each CamelContext use its own Quartz scheduler instance by default. You can set this option to false to reuse Quartz scheduler instances between multiple CamelContext’s.

true

boolean

prefixJobNameWithEndpointId (consumer)

Whether to prefix the quartz job with the endpoint id. This option is default false.

false

boolean

properties (consumer)

Properties to configure the Quartz scheduler.

Map

propertiesFile (consumer)

File name of the properties to load from the classpath.

String

propertiesRef (consumer)

References to an existing Properties or Map to lookup in the registry to use for configuring quartz.

String

autowiredEnabled (advanced)

Whether autowiring is enabled. This is used for automatic autowiring options (the option must be marked as autowired) by looking up in the registry to find if there is a single instance of matching type, which then gets configured on the component. This can be used for automatic configuring JDBC data sources, JMS connection factories, AWS Clients, etc.

true

boolean

scheduler (advanced)

Autowired To use the custom configured Quartz scheduler, instead of creating a new Scheduler.

Scheduler

schedulerFactory (advanced)

To use the custom SchedulerFactory which is used to create the Scheduler.

SchedulerFactory

autoStartScheduler (scheduler)

Whether the scheduler should be auto started. This option is default true.

true

boolean

interruptJobsOnShutdown (scheduler)

Whether to interrupt jobs on shutdown, which forces the scheduler to shut down quicker and attempt to interrupt any running jobs. If this is enabled, then any running jobs can fail due to being interrupted. When a job is interrupted then Camel will mark the exchange to stop to continue routing and set java.util.concurrent.RejectedExecutionException as caused exception. Therefore, use this with care, as its often better to allow Camel jobs to complete and shutdown gracefully.

false

boolean

Endpoint Options

The Quartz endpoint is configured using URI syntax:

quartz:groupName/triggerName

With the following path and query parameters:

Path Parameters (2 parameters)

Name Description Default Type

groupName (consumer)

The quartz group name to use. The combination of group name and trigger name should be unique.

Camel

String

triggerName (consumer)

Required The quartz trigger name to use. The combination of group name and trigger name should be unique.

String

Query Parameters (17 parameters)

Name Description Default Type

cron (consumer)

Specifies a cron expression to define when to trigger.

String

deleteJob (consumer)

If set to true, then the trigger automatically delete when route stop. Else if set to false, it will remain in scheduler. When set to false, it will also mean user may reuse pre-configured trigger with camel Uri. Just ensure the names match. Notice you cannot have both deleteJob and pauseJob set to true.

true

boolean

durableJob (consumer)

Whether or not the job should remain stored after it is orphaned (no triggers point to it).

false

boolean

pauseJob (consumer)

If set to true, then the trigger automatically pauses when route stop. Else if set to false, it will remain in scheduler. When set to false, it will also mean user may reuse pre-configured trigger with camel Uri. Just ensure the names match. Notice you cannot have both deleteJob and pauseJob set to true.

false

boolean

recoverableJob (consumer)

Instructs the scheduler whether or not the job should be re-executed if a 'recovery' or 'fail-over' situation is encountered.

false

boolean

stateful (consumer)

Uses a Quartz PersistJobDataAfterExecution and DisallowConcurrentExecution instead of the default job.

false

boolean

bridgeErrorHandler (consumer (advanced))

Allows for bridging the consumer to the Camel routing Error Handler, which mean any exceptions (if possible) occurred while the Camel consumer is trying to pickup incoming messages, or the likes, will now be processed as a message and handled by the routing Error Handler. Important: This is only possible if the 3rd party component allows Camel to be alerted if an exception was thrown. Some components handle this internally only, and therefore bridgeErrorHandler is not possible. In other situations we may improve the Camel component to hook into the 3rd party component and make this possible for future releases. By default the consumer will use the org.apache.camel.spi.ExceptionHandler to deal with exceptions, that will be logged at WARN or ERROR level and ignored.

false

boolean

exceptionHandler (consumer (advanced))

To let the consumer use a custom ExceptionHandler. Notice if the option bridgeErrorHandler is enabled then this option is not in use. By default the consumer will deal with exceptions, that will be logged at WARN or ERROR level and ignored.

ExceptionHandler

exchangePattern (consumer (advanced))

Sets the exchange pattern when the consumer creates an exchange.

Enum values:

  • InOnly

  • InOut

ExchangePattern

customCalendar (advanced)

Specifies a custom calendar to avoid specific range of date.

Calendar

ignoreExpiredNextFireTime (advanced)

Whether to ignore quartz cannot schedule a trigger because the trigger will never fire in the future. This can happen when using a cron trigger that are configured to only run in the past. By default, Quartz will fail to schedule the trigger and therefore fail to start the Camel route. You can set this to true which then logs a WARN and then ignore the problem, meaning that the route will never fire in the future.

false

boolean

jobParameters (advanced)

To configure additional options on the job.

Map

prefixJobNameWithEndpointId (advanced)

Whether the job name should be prefixed with endpoint id.

false

boolean

triggerParameters (advanced)

To configure additional options on the trigger. The parameter timeZone is supported if the cron option is present. Otherwise the parameters repeatInterval and repeatCount are supported. Note: When using repeatInterval values of 1000 or less, the first few events after starting the camel context may be fired more rapidly than expected.

Map

usingFixedCamelContextName (advanced)

If it is true, JobDataMap uses the CamelContext name directly to reference the CamelContext, if it is false, JobDataMap uses use the CamelContext management name which could be changed during the deploy time.

false

boolean

autoStartScheduler (scheduler)

Whether or not the scheduler should be auto started.

true

boolean

triggerStartDelay (scheduler)

In case of scheduler has already started, we want the trigger start slightly after current time to ensure endpoint is fully started before the job kicks in. Negative value shifts trigger start time in the past.

500

long

Usage

Each endpoint represents a different timer (in Quartz terms, a Trigger and `JobDetail).

Configuring quartz.properties file

By default, Quartz will look for a quartz.properties file in the org/quartz directory of the classpath. If you are using WAR deployments, this means just drop the quartz.properties in WEB-INF/classes/org/quartz.

However, the Camel Quartz component also allows you to configure properties:

Parameter Default Type Description

properties

null

Properties

You can configure a java.util.Properties instance.

propertiesFile

null

String

File name of the properties to load from the classpath

To do this, you can configure this in Spring XML as follows

<bean id="quartz" class="org.apache.camel.component.quartz.QuartzComponent">
    <property name="propertiesFile" value="com/mycompany/myquartz.properties"/>
</bean>

Enabling Quartz scheduler in JMX

You need to configure the quartz scheduler properties to enable JMX. That is typically setting the option "org.quartz.scheduler.jmx.export" to a true value in the configuration file.

This option is set to true by default, unless explicitly disabled.

Clustering

If you use Quartz in clustered mode, e.g., the JobStore is clustered. Then the Quartz component will not pause/remove triggers when a node is being stopped/shutdown. This allows the trigger to keep running on the other nodes in the cluster.

When running in clustered node, no checking is done to ensure unique job name/group for endpoints.

Message Headers

Camel adds the getters from the Quartz Execution Context as header values. The following headers are added:
calendar, fireTime, jobDetail, jobInstance, jobRuntTime, mergedJobDataMap, nextFireTime, previousFireTime, refireCount, result, scheduledFireTime, scheduler, trigger, triggerName, triggerGroup.

The fireTime header contains the java.util.Date of when the exchange was fired.

Using Cron Triggers

Quartz supports Cron-like expressions for specifying timers in a handy format. You can use these expressions in the cron URI parameter; though, to preserve valid URI encoding, we allow + to be used instead of spaces.

For example, the following will fire a message every five minutes starting at 12pm (noon) to 6pm on weekdays:

from("quartz://myGroup/myTimerName?cron=0+0/5+12-18+?+*+MON-FRI")
    .to("activemq:Totally.Rocks");

which is equivalent to using the cron expression

0 0/5 12-18 ? * MON-FRI

The following table shows the URI character encodings we use to preserve valid URI syntax:

URI Character Cron character

+

Space

Specifying time zone

The Quartz Scheduler allows you to configure time zone per trigger. For example, to use a time zone of your country, then you can do as follows:

quartz://groupName/timerName?cron=0+0/5+12-18+?+*+MON-FRI&trigger.timeZone=Europe/Stockholm

The timeZone value is the values accepted by java.util.TimeZone.

Specifying start date

The Quartz Scheduler allows you to configure start date per trigger. You can provide the start date in the date format yyyy-MM-dd’T’HH:mm:ssz.

quartz://groupName/timerName?cron=0+0/5+12-18+?+*+MON-FRI&trigger.startAt=2023-11-22T14:32:36UTC

Specifying end date

The Quartz Scheduler allows you to configure end date per trigger. You can provide the end date in the date format yyyy-MM-dd’T’HH:mm:ssz.

quartz://groupName/timerName?cron=0+0/5+12-18+?+*+MON-FRI&trigger.endAt=2023-11-22T14:32:36UTC

Note: Start and end dates may be affected by time drifts and unpredictable behavior during daylight-saving time changes. Exercise caution, especially in environments where precise timing is critical.

Configuring misfire instructions

The quartz scheduler can be configured with a misfire instruction to handle misfire situations for the trigger. The concrete trigger type that you are using will have defined a set of additional MISFIRE_INSTRUCTION_XXX constants that may be set as this property’s value.

For example, to configure the simple trigger to use misfire instruction 4:

quartz://myGroup/myTimerName?trigger.repeatInterval=2000&trigger.misfireInstruction=4

And likewise, you can configure the cron trigger with one of its misfire instructions as well:

quartz://myGroup/myTimerName?cron=0/2+*+*+*+*+?&trigger.misfireInstruction=2

The simple and cron triggers have the following misfire instructions representative:

SimpleTrigger.MISFIRE_INSTRUCTION_FIRE_NOW = 1 (default)

Instructs the Scheduler that upon a mis-fire situation, the SimpleTrigger wants to be fired now by Scheduler.

This instruction should typically only be used for 'one-shot' (non-repeating) Triggers. If it is used on a trigger with a repeat count greater than 0, then it is equivalent to the instruction MISFIRE_INSTRUCTION_RESCHEDULE_NOW_WITH_REMAINING_REPEAT_COUNT.

SimpleTrigger.MISFIRE_INSTRUCTION_RESCHEDULE_NOW_WITH_EXISTING_REPEAT_COUNT = 2

Instructs the Scheduler that upon a mis-fire situation, the SimpleTrigger wants to be re-scheduled to now (even if the associated Calendar excludes now) with the repeat count left as-is. This does obey the Trigger end-time, however, so if now is after the end-time the Trigger will not fire again.

Use of this instruction causes the trigger to 'forget' the start-time and repeat-count that it was originally setup with. This is only an issue if you for some reason wanted to be able to tell what the original values were at some later time.

SimpleTrigger.MISFIRE_INSTRUCTION_RESCHEDULE_NOW_WITH_REMAINING_REPEAT_COUNT = 3

Instructs the Scheduler that upon a mis-fire situation, the SimpleTrigger wants to be re-scheduled to now (even if the associated Calendar excludes now) with the repeat count set to what it would be, if it had not missed any firings. This does obey the Trigger end-time, however, so if now is after the end-time the Trigger will not fire again.

Use of this instruction causes the trigger to 'forget' the start-time and repeat-count that it was originally setup with. Instead, the repeat count on the trigger will be changed to whatever the remaining repeat count is. This is only an issue if you for some reason wanted to be able to tell what the original values were at some later time.

This instruction could cause the Trigger to go to the 'COMPLETE' state after firing now, if all the repeat-fire-times where missed.

SimpleTrigger.MISFIRE_INSTRUCTION_RESCHEDULE_NEXT_WITH_REMAINING_COUNT = 4

Instructs the Scheduler that upon a mis-fire situation, the SimpleTrigger wants to be re-scheduled to the next scheduled time after now - taking into account any associated Calendar and with the repeat count set to what it would be, if it had not missed any firings.

This instruction could cause the Trigger to go directly to the 'COMPLETE' state if all fire-times where missed.

SimpleTrigger.MISFIRE_INSTRUCTION_RESCHEDULE_NEXT_WITH_EXISTING_COUNT = 5

Instructs the Scheduler that upon a mis-fire situation, the SimpleTrigger wants to be re-scheduled to the next scheduled time after now - taking into account any associated Calendar, and with the repeat count left unchanged.

This instruction could cause the Trigger to go directly to the 'COMPLETE' state if the end-time of the trigger has arrived.

CronTrigger.MISFIRE_INSTRUCTION_FIRE_ONCE_NOW = 1 (default)

Instructs the Scheduler that upon a mis-fire situation, the CronTrigger wants to be fired now by Scheduler.

CronTrigger.MISFIRE_INSTRUCTION_DO_NOTHING = 2

Instructs the Scheduler that upon a mis-fire situation, the CronTrigger wants to have its next-fire-time updated to the next time in the schedule after the current time (taking into account any associated Calendar. However, it does not want to be fired now.

Using QuartzScheduledPollConsumerScheduler

The Quartz component provides a Polling Consumer scheduler which allows using cron based scheduling for Polling Consumers such as the File and FTP consumers.

For example, to use a cron based expression to poll for files every second, then a Camel route can be defined simply as:

    from("file:inbox?scheduler=quartz&scheduler.cron=0/2+*+*+*+*+?")
       .to("bean:process");

Notice we define the scheduler=quartz to instruct Camel to use the Quartz-based scheduler. Then we use scheduler.xxx options to configure the scheduler. The Quartz scheduler requires the cron option to be set.

The following options are supported:

Parameter Default Type Description

quartzScheduler

null

org.quartz.Scheduler

To use a custom Quartz scheduler. If none is configured, then the shared scheduler from the Quartz component is used.

cron

null

String

Mandatory: To define the cron expression for triggering the polls.

triggerId

null

String

To specify the trigger id. If none is provided, then a UUID is generated and used.

triggerGroup

QuartzScheduledPollConsumerScheduler

String

To specify the trigger group.

timeZone

Default

TimeZone

The time zone to use for the CRON trigger.
Remember that configuring these options from the endpoint URIs must be prefixed with scheduler.. For example, to configure the trigger id and group: 
    from("file:inbox?scheduler=quartz&scheduler.cron=0/2+*+*+*+*+?&scheduler.triggerId=myId&scheduler.triggerGroup=myGroup")
       .to("bean:process");

There is also a CRON scheduler in Spring, so you can use the following as well:

    from("file:inbox?scheduler=spring&scheduler.cron=0/2+*+*+*+*+?")
       .to("bean:process");

Cron Component Support

The Quartz component can be used as implementation of the Camel Cron component.

Example

Users can then use the cron component instead of the quartz component, as in the following route:

Example route for the cron component
    from("cron://name?schedule=0+0/5+12-18+?+*+MON-FRI")
    .to("activemq:Totally.Rocks");

Spring Boot Auto-Configuration

When using quartz with Spring Boot make sure to use the following Maven dependency to have support for auto configuration:

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.apache.camel.springboot</groupId>
  <artifactId>camel-quartz-starter</artifactId>
  <version>x.x.x</version>
  <!-- use the same version as your Camel core version -->
</dependency>

The component supports 13 options, which are listed below.

Name Description Default Type

camel.component.quartz.auto-start-scheduler

Whether the scheduler should be auto started. This option is default true.

true

Boolean

camel.component.quartz.autowired-enabled

Whether autowiring is enabled. This is used for automatic autowiring options (the option must be marked as autowired) by looking up in the registry to find if there is a single instance of matching type, which then gets configured on the component. This can be used for automatic configuring JDBC data sources, JMS connection factories, AWS Clients, etc.

true

Boolean

camel.component.quartz.bridge-error-handler

Allows for bridging the consumer to the Camel routing Error Handler, which mean any exceptions (if possible) occurred while the Camel consumer is trying to pickup incoming messages, or the likes, will now be processed as a message and handled by the routing Error Handler. Important: This is only possible if the 3rd party component allows Camel to be alerted if an exception was thrown. Some components handle this internally only, and therefore bridgeErrorHandler is not possible. In other situations we may improve the Camel component to hook into the 3rd party component and make this possible for future releases. By default the consumer will use the org.apache.camel.spi.ExceptionHandler to deal with exceptions, that will be logged at WARN or ERROR level and ignored.

false

Boolean

camel.component.quartz.enable-jmx

Whether to enable Quartz JMX, which allows managing the Quartz scheduler from JMX. The default value for this option is true.

true

Boolean

camel.component.quartz.enabled

Whether to enable auto configuration of the quartz component. This is enabled by default.

Boolean

camel.component.quartz.interrupt-jobs-on-shutdown

Whether to interrupt jobs on shutdown, which forces the scheduler to shut down quicker and attempt to interrupt any running jobs. If this is enabled, then any running jobs can fail due to being interrupted. When a job is interrupted then Camel will mark the exchange to stop to continue routing and set java.util.concurrent.RejectedExecutionException as caused exception. Therefore, use this with care, as its often better to allow Camel jobs to complete and shutdown gracefully.

false

Boolean

camel.component.quartz.prefix-instance-name

Whether to prefix the Quartz Scheduler instance name with the CamelContext name. This is enabled by default, to let each CamelContext use its own Quartz scheduler instance by default. You can set this option to false to reuse Quartz scheduler instances between multiple CamelContext’s.

true

Boolean

camel.component.quartz.prefix-job-name-with-endpoint-id

Whether to prefix the quartz job with the endpoint id. This option is default false.

false

Boolean

camel.component.quartz.properties

Properties to configure the Quartz scheduler.

Map

camel.component.quartz.properties-file

File name of the properties to load from the classpath.

String

camel.component.quartz.properties-ref

References to an existing Properties or Map to lookup in the registry to use for configuring quartz.

String

camel.component.quartz.scheduler

To use the custom configured Quartz scheduler, instead of creating a new Scheduler. The option is a org.quartz.Scheduler type.

Scheduler

camel.component.quartz.scheduler-factory

To use the custom SchedulerFactory which is used to create the Scheduler. The option is a org.quartz.SchedulerFactory type.

SchedulerFactory
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